The rise of science in Ancient Greece rose quickly around 600 b.c. This is due in part to the development of the alphabet in Phoenicia around 1200 b.c. that made its way to Greece around 1000 b.c. This made it easier for more than just priests and scribes to learn, although it by no means was accessible to everyone. Some city-states also had contact with scientific countries such as Egypt and Mesopotamia, due to increased trade of goods made possible by easy to make iron tools.

Some scientists speculate that the philosophy schools that Greeks were famous for evolved naturally from their elaborately amoral mythology. As they made these tales they became more increasingly focused on philosophical issues of love, war, and the consequence of curiosity.

Greek science is usually divided into four categories. The first is the Pre-Socratic era from 600-400 b.c. and included the famous Thales, and Pythagorus. The second is the fourth century b.c., comprising Plato, Aristotle, Epicurisn and Stoicism. Then the Hellenistic Period from 300-100 b.c. Greek culture flourished here, mingling with older cultures of the Near East and included the great minds of Euclid, Archimedes and Apollonius. Last came the Greco=Roman period, 100b.c. to 600a.d., where the multigod culture capitulated and Christianity rose.

During the Pre-Socratic period, doctors made great leaps in medical technology. They began to no longer view diseases as vengence from the gods but as natural things that happen everyday. Theoretical and abstract geometry was created; different from Egypt's specific and analytical math. Greeks found general solutions to any geometrical problem, using definitions and postulates. Greek thinkers in this time developed logic, or mothodical reasoning, laying down the rules for reasoning which they are famous for. Parmenides, founder of the Eleatic school of thought, made great strides in the anatomy of arguements. Deductive reasoning also had its beginnings here; began by Aristotle and utilized by Plato. Induction, or drawing probabilities from facts, and many other now everyday scientific practices were born in this era. This was a period of great observation, and extensive experimentation on just about everything.

In the second period, Aristotle expounded on his scientific method. He founded the Lyceum of Aristotle, an institute of scientific thought, in Athens around 335 b.c. It had a botanical garden for research, a lecture hall, and, of course, an altar for the Muses who inspired them all to creativity. Everything was lectured here, from science to history and politics. Aristotle's successor, Theophrastus, even left property for the school's use in his will. Free thinkers blossomed in this age, leading to the Golden Age of Greek Science.

The Hellenistic period saw the building of the Museum of Alexandria around 290 b.c. It was a state-sponsored center of scientific research. Under the second Macedonian king, Ptolemy Philedelphus, it had 100 members and was connected to the Alexandrian library, containing 50,000 books acquired from private libraries. Group discussions were held in the museum, and there were collections of plant and animal specimenc. The mevements of the planets and the moon were watched and recorded in relationship to the earth and later the sun. Trigonometry was very well developed here, using complex chords and sines that now give college students headaches. Ptolemy did extensive work with triangles and degrees, giving invaluable contributions to the mathematical world.